Cerebral Palsy

What are signs and symptoms of cerebral palsy (CP)?

Symptoms of cerebral palsy include movement or posture abnormalities that are not progressive. A child with CP may be delayed in reaching developmental milestones, such as sitting or walking.

During infancy, you and/or your pediatrician may notice some abnormal reflexes, poor muscle tone, irritability, difficulty sucking/swallowing or fisted hands. In later infancy and during the toddler years, you and/or your pediatrician may notice that your child is having difficulty walking, or your child walks or runs differently than other children the same age.

Sometimes symptoms can be very mild, involving trouble with coordination of one extremity (leg or arm). More severe symptoms can cause an inability to walk or talk.

Cerebral palsy may affect bones and joints causing skeletal deformities such as scoliosis, hip dislocations, muscle and joint contractures or difficulty walking. In addition, vision, hearing, speech, feeding and breathing may be affected.

How will my child's doctor diagnose cerebral palsy?

At Children's Colorado, a pediatric neurologist and/or a rehabilitation doctor will likely diagnose your child's cerebral palsy (CP) after doing a thorough developmental evaluation and possibly a brain MRI.

If your child is diagnosed with CP, treatment will include yearly visits to our nationally-ranked Cerebral Palsy Program, as well as physical or occupational therapy, orthotics, the Center for Gait and Movement Analysis, neurology and/or neurosurgery.

A difficult condition to diagnose

Diagnosing the cause of CP is very difficult, and the exact cause is often unknown. CP is frequently a diagnosis of "exclusion," which means that many causes are ruled out before the CP diagnosis is made.

There is no way to diagnosis CP before a baby is born, and many times it can take months or years to make a final diagnosis.

How is cerebral palsy (CP) treated?

Currently there is no cure for cerebral palsy, but many treatments and therapies available at Children's Colorado can improve function and quality of life for kids, teens and young adults with CP.

Treatment and therapies can include:

• Physical or occupational therapy
• Orthopedic surgery
• Rehabilitation
• Neurosurgery, like selective dorsal rhizotomy to reduce spasticity
• Orthotics (ankle orthotics, foot orthotics, knee braces, hip braces, hand braces, etc.)
• Baclofen (medication used as a muscle relaxer to help treat spasticity)
• Botox or phenol injections
• Casting
• Seizure medications
• Seating or wheelchair systems
• Gait or walking aids or devices
• Communication devices

Surgery to address mobility issues associated with cerebral palsy

Children growing up with cerebral palsy often develop mobility issues due to an involuntary tightness in their hip and leg muscles. To help improve mobility for children with cerebral palsy, surgeons at Children’s Colorado can perform different procedures depending on what mobility issue your child may face:

• Femoral varus derotational osteotomy or VDRO surgery, focuses on the involuntary tightness of the hips known as spasticity, that can deform joints over time.
• Distall femoral extension osteotomy and patellar advancement surgeries focus on the knees, specifically tight muscles and displaced kneecaps that can cause crouch gait.
• Recession of the gastrocnemius and calcaneal lengthening focuses on the ankle's dorsiflexion, or flexibility, with spastic flatfoot.

These three procedures address different mobility issues. Watch the videos below to understand the purpose of these procedures, as well as the process of the surgeries, benefits and recovery times.

 VDRO surgery

Distal femoral extension osteotomy and patellar advancement to treat crouch gait

Vea este video en nuestro canal de YouTube.

Recession of the gastrocnemius and calcaneal lengthening to treat neuromuscular flatfoot

Why choose the Cerebral Palsy Program at Children's Colorado?

At the Cerebral Palsy Program within the Orthopedics Institute, our goal is to maximize function and ensure the best quality of life for children with CP.

Our Cerebral Palsy Program brings together experts from Orthopedic Surgery, Neurosurgery, Rehabilitation, Physical and Occupational Therapies, Pediatrics, Neurology, Genetics, Nutrition, the Center for Gait and Motion Analysis and Adaptive Recreation for Childhood Health. These specialists work as a team to provide the latest and best treatments to help children live to their fullest potential. And because we understand that every child is different, we tailor individual treatment recommendations for each child and their family.

Nationally-ranked CP care for kids near and far

At Children's Colorado, we treat approximately 2,000 kids with CP and related conditions. Most of our patients live in Colorado and neighboring states such as Wyoming, Nebraska, New Mexico, Kansas, Utah, Oklahoma and Texas.

Other children come to us from across the United States and around the world. Patients and their families are willing to travel longer distances to benefit from our team approach, comprehensive treatment and excellent care by world-renowned experts in their field.

Caring for our patients as adults

The team at Children's Colorado is currently researching how cerebral palsy affects the health of adults as they grow and age. Researchers hope to use findings from the Cerebral Palsy Adult Transition Longitudinal Study (CPAT) to support the evolution of care that adults with CP receive.